Metalworking apparatus



Jiu-1.55120; 1954 E, F LEE ErAL y 2,684,103

METALWORKING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 7, 1948 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 July 20, 1954 Filed Aug. '7, 1948 E. F. LEE ETAL METALwoRKING APPARATUS 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 I VEN-Tales. Qu/J e e. l? rraZJ cfa-mes ML2-fowl July 20, 1954 E. F. LEE ETAL 2,684,103

METALwoRKING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 7, 1948 5 sheets-sheet s ZZV July 20, 1954 E. F. LEE ETAL.

METALWORKING APPARATUS 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Aug. 7, 1948 July 20, 1954 E. F. LEE ET AL 2,684,103

METALWORKING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 7, 1948 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 II 1| l l BY M L Patented July 2o, 1954 METALWORKNG APPARATUS Edward F. Lee and Dona Mich., assignors, by Serrick Corporation,

hl J. McIntosh, Detroit,

mesne assignments, to a corporation of Ohio Application August 7, i948, Serial No. 43,117

13 Claims. 1

rlhe present invention relates to metalworking generally and more particularly to apparatus for forming circumferential ribs or runners on steel barrels or the like.

An object oi the present invention is to provide a novel metalworking apparatus for forming circumferential ribs or runners on the sides of steel barrels or other similar cylindrical metal containers.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel sheet metalworking apparatus for forming outwardly projecting ribs or runners on the sides of steel barrels or the like which are thicker at ltheir outermost portions than the initial sheet.

further object is to provide a novel metal working machine for forming circumferential runners on a metal cylinder or the like, having a reciprocally movable ram thereon supporting a series of radially arranged expander shoes which are mounted. for motion in an inclined plane and which cooperate with a cam surface to move outwardly to engage with the internal walls of the cylinder coincidentally with a telescoping force applied to the ends of the cylinder by the ram to form circumerentially channeled runners thereon without appreciable reduction of thickness which usually occurs in expanding operations.

Another object is to provide a novel metalworking machine for compressing the outer ends oi circumferential ribs or runners formed on the side walls or a metal cylinder or the like, to provide a greater thickness of metal at the outer ends of the runners than at the side walls of the cylinder, the machine having a roller for engaging with the outer end of each rib or runner which is movable toward the cylinder to compress the metal it engages inwardly at the apices of the ribs or runners.

A still further object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for constructing a stainless steel barrel or the like from a single sheet of metal which is formed into a cylinder having a uniform thickness throughout which consists in forming extending ribs on the sheet which are integral with the latter and of the same thickness and for thereafter compressing the outer ends of the ribs inwardly to provide a greater thickness of material thereat than at the side Walls of the cylinder.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following speciication, the accompanying drawings and the appended claims.

In the drawings wherein like reference characters refer to like parts throughout the several views:

Figure 1 is a side elevation view with parts in section of the novel press hereof for constructing ribs or runners on the side walls of a metal cylinder;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged side elevation View partially in section illustrating the expander shoes in a retracted position relative to the internal walls of a cylinder mounted on the press;

Fig. 3 is a view substantially similar to Fig. 2, illustrating the expander shoes in their outwardly extending position whereby runners have been formed in the walls oi the cylinder;

Fig. fi is a fragmentary view taken substantially along lines 4 4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a top elevation view of the novel rolling machine hereof;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged View in section of that portion of the structure located within broken circular line 6 o1" Fig. 5; and

Fig is a view taken substantially along the line l-l of Fig, 5.

Referring now to the drawings for a more detailed description of the present invention and more particularly to Fig. 1 thereof, the novel runner forming machine or press hereof is shown as generally comprising a bed member lil and a crown member li, the two being spaced apart and secured together by virtue of side rails i2 and i3. suitably supported by crown member Il, at a substantially central portion thereof is a power cylinder I4 having a piston l5 mounted for re ciprocal movement therein, the interior of the cylinder communicating by way of conduits i and il with a more suitable source of iiuid pressure (not shown) such as vacuum, hydraulic or pneumatic pressure, and, depending upon the power used, one of conduits l5, il will act as an inlet and the other as an outlet.

A piston rod t8 is connected at one of its ends with piston l5 tor movement thereby and at its other end is connected to a ram i9 which is movable along side rails l2 and i3 by the piston. A punch holder Z is supported at the underside and centrally of ram I9 and has a substantially annular hollow swaging ring 2l secured thereto by way of bolts 22, the latter passing through an outwardly extending iiange 23 formed on the inner end oi the ring. The upper end of bed member lil has a die-shoe member it rigidly tened thereto by suitable means (not shown) which supports thereon a second hollow swagng ring 25 similar to ring 2l having an outwardly extending iiange 25 formed at its inner end, bolts 2l (Fig. 2) passing through flange 2t to secure ring 215 to die-shoe member 24.

As more clearly shown in Fig. 2, the underside of punch holder 20 carries thereon internally of swaging ring 2 i, a punch member, generally des* ignated with the reference character 218, having an outwardly extending iiange portion 29 at its inner end, an intermediate reduced cylindrical portion 30 and two adjoining members, the inner one of which is provided with an inclined cam surface 3l and the outer one of which is provided with an inclined cam surface 32, the slope of the former cam surface being substantially greater than the slope of the latter cam surface. ln a similar manner, the top of die-shoe member 2d carries a punch member thereon, generally designated with the reference character 33, internally of swaging ring 25, the punch member having an outwardly extending flange portion i at its inner end, an intermediate reduced cylindrical portion 3E, and two adjoining members, the inner one of which is provided with an inclined cam surface 3S and the outer one or" which is provided with an inclined cam surface 3l, the slope of the former cam surface being substantially greater than the slope of the latter cam surface.

In addition to carrying swaging ring 2l and punch member 2S, punch holder i@ also supports at its underside an expander shoe assembly, gen erally designated with the reference character 35, such assembly comprising (as better shown in Fig. 2) upper and lower spaced retainer rings 39 and ill which are arranged intermediate swaging ring 2l and punch member 28 and swaging ring and punch member 33, respectively. Upper ring 39 is formed with a series of bores il and aligned and enlarged counterbores l2 (one bore and one counterbore only being shown in Fig. 2) the inner face of each counterbore acting as a stop or a supporting shoulder :for the enlarged head 3 of a shouldered bolt having a re duced intermediate shank dii and a further reduced threaded section da which cooperates with its related -internally threaded bore formed in iiange 29 of punch member 28. By reason of the foregoing arrangement expander shoe assembly 38 is carried by and movable with punch holder 2li which, in turn, is operated by ram i9, and since v heads i3 of the shoulder bolts are confined within counterbores d2, ring 39 as well as the remainder of the expander shoe assembly is adapted for limited motion relative to punch holder 2c ior a purpose to appear hereinafter. inner or lower face of ring 59 is formed with an inclined surface l for a purpose to also presently appear.

1n a similar manner, lower retainer ring 1li) is formed with an inner or upper inclined face or surface il and near its outer periphery is formed with a series of bores 53 and aligned counterbores 49, each pair of bores being axially aligned with a bore ed formed in retainer ring 3S. rIie rods 5! pass through each set of aligned bores 5&8, le and 5c whose enlarged heads 52 rest on the upper surface of ring 3d and whose lower ends are threaded to receive nuts Eil thereon. Coil springs 54 are sleeved on the lower ends of the tie rods with one end of each spring engaging the shoulder defined by the inner face of each counterbore i9 and the other end of each spring engaging a washer element 5E supported on nuts 53.

In addition to rings 39 and lill, assembly 38 also includes a series of radially arranged upper and lower substantially rectangular expander shoes 5% and 5l whose outer end walls engage, respectively, with the inclined inner surfaces d and il of rings 39 and lli). The inner walls of expander shoes `58 and lil, on the other hand,

The

d engage with the inclined outer walls of a series of radially arranged center shoes 5.8 and 5, respectively. The inner walls of center shoes 58 and 5S are level and normally in engagement as shown in Fig. 2.

In their ineffective position, i. e., one immediately preceding rib or runner pressing operation, expander shoes 56 and 5l and center shoes 58, 59 are located relative to each other and to the internal wall of a metal cylinder 5S, in which the ribs o1' runners are to be formed, in a manner substantially as shown in Fig. 2. Center shoes 58, 59 are each provided with enlarged or aligned bores 6l and 62 adjacent their outer ends through which a related tie rod 5l passes, the bores 6l and E2 being of such nature as to permit limited outward motion of the center shoes relative to the tie rods against thel action of garter springs B3 and lill which rest within a series of arcuate and aligned recesses 6'5 and Sli formed substantially at the inner ends of shoes 53 and 59, respectively. Garter springs 63 and lill normally maintain the center shoes 58 and 59 in a retracted position shown in Fig. 2 wherein an upper portion of an inner inclined end of cam surface el of each shoe 58 engages a lower portion of cam surface 32 of punch member 28 and wherein a portion of an inner inclined side of cam surface 68 of each shoe 59 engages a portion of cam surface 3l of punch member 33.

The outward end of cam surface El of each center shoe 53 terminates in a more sharply inclined relief surface te a portion of which defines one end of a rectangular slot le formed in each of the center shoes at the outer inclined wall thereof adjacent the lower engaging surface of expander shoes Eli. Each slot lli so formed receives a coil sp1-ing 'il therein, one end of each spring abutting the shoulder defined by the inner end of each slot and the opposite end of each spring abutting with shoulder portion 1.2 of a stud 'F3 supported within a bore lil formed in each of expander shoes 56. By virtue of the foregoing arrangement, as garter spring 63 retracts center shoes 5S to their innermost position, under conditions to be presently described, springs 'll are compressed to thereby urge expander shoes 56 inwardly by way or" studs 'i3 engaged by the springs, each expander shoe 'c6 being provided adjacent its outer end with a slot l5 surrounding each tie rod 5l to accommodate motion of each expander shoe relative to the tie rods. As will be apparent from the drawings, slots l5 are larger than slots Gl of the center shoes since the expander shoes must travel downwardly and outwardly a greater amount than the outward travel of the center shoes.

In a generally similar manner the outward end of cam surface 68 of each of center shoes lill terminates in a more sharply inclined relief surface 16, a portion of which defines one end of a substantially rectangular slot il formed in each of the latter' shoes at the outer inclined wall thereof adjacent the upper engaging surface of expander shoes 5l'. Each slot ll defines a receptive chamber having a coil spring lil, one end of each spring abutting the shoulder dened by the inner end of each slot and the opposite end of each spring abutting with shouldered portion l0 of a pin 80 supported within a bore #8l formed in each of expander shoes 5l. As garter spring 64 draws center shoes 59 to their innermost or retracted position, springs 'I8 are compressed to thereby urge expander shoes 51 inwardly by way of pins engaged by the springs, each expander shoe 5l being provided adjacent its outer end with a slot 82 surrounding each of tie rods 5| to accommodate motion of each of the latter expander shoes relative to the tie rods. Slots 82 are of the same size as slots 'l5 of expander shoes 56 since expander shoes 5l move upwardly and outwardly an amount exceeding the amount of outward lmovement by center shoes 59.

lThe innermost end of each expander shoe 5t is provided with an inclined or cam surface S3 for cooperation with cam surface 3| of punch member 252, surface 83 terminating in a more sharply inclined relief surface 84, while the inner end of each expander shoe 57 is provided with an inclined or cam surface 85 for cooperation with cam surface 3S of punch member 33, surface 35 terminating in a more sharply inclined. relief surface 8S. The outward ends of expander shoes 55 are provided with a spaced and downwardly inclined upper surface 8l, a curved pressing end surface El? and a downwardly inclined surface better shown in the right hand side of Fig. 2, while the outward ends of expander shoes El are provided with a spaced and downwardly inclined upper surface 99, more sharply inclined than surface 8'! of shoe 56, an intermediate curved pressing end surface 9| and a downwardly inclined surface 92 whose slope is somewhat smaller than that of surface S9 of shoes 5t.

Swaging ring 25, whose width exceeds the width of swaging ring 2|, is provided internally at its upper end with a circular groove or recess S3 whcse side wall conforms generally with the configuration of a portion oi the pressing end surface 9| and downwardly inclined surface 92 of each of expander shoes 5l. In a similar mann ner, swaging ring 2l is provided internally at its lower end with a circular groove or recess 9d whose sidewall conforms generally with the shape of a portion or" the pressing end surface 8S and downwardly inclined surface 8l of each of expander shoes 5G.

.In order that expander shoes 51 and center shoes 59 may not move outwardly preceding the time that expander shoes 56 and center shoes will begin to move outwardly, a supporting arrangement is provided to prevent such premature action, such arrangement including an annular floating supporting plate 95 which is provided with a series of spaced apertures for receiving therein bolts 96. The lower ends of bolts sii are threaded for cooperation with a series of spaced threaded bores 91 formed within flange 3d of punch member 33, the bolts being adjustable downwardly or upwardly as required relative to the retainer ring 4l) by way of nuts The upper portion of each bolt d'6 is provided with enlarged head 99, and the heads of the bolts cooperate with a series of radially spaced bores lo@ formed at the bottom of rering fill. Coil springs 19| surround the bolts 95 with one end of each spring abutting respective one of the nuts 98 and the other end of each spring resting within a recess E02 formed on the underside of plate 95. rlhus, plate liti is yieldably urged in an upward direction by way of spring fi I.

Initially, ram i9 is in its upward or retracted 'position with swaging ring 2|, expander shoe assembly 38 and punch member 28 held thereby away from lower swaging ring 25. At this point cylinder member et is placed in swaging ring 25 with its bottom end resting at substantially the junction point of recess Sil-and a slightly inwardly inclined wall IBS of the ring, the lower end of which terminates in a shoulder Hit, the remainder or the hollow ring being of a reduced diameter as shown in Fig. 2. With cylinder 6@ supported in an upright position within ring 25, piston l5 is actuated to lower ram i9 together with the various operating mechanisms supm ported thereby. As upper swaging ring 2i approaches cylinder 60, the top end of the latter will initially engage with the interior of the ring at the junction of recess 94 and the slightly inwardly inclined wall |95 of the ring, the latter terminating in a shoulder |05, the remainder of the ring being of a reduced diameter as shown in Fig. 2. As cylinder 60 is engaged by swaging ring 2|, the punch member 28 together with the expander shoe assembly 33 will have been lowered within cylinder 60 substantially as shown in Fig. 1.

By reason of its own weight, expander shoe assembly 38 will be supported by punch holder 29 through the engagement of the enlarged heads d3 of bolts Ml with the inner shoulder or face oi counterbore 42 of ring 2|. Since lower slices 5l and 59 would engage cam surfaces Sii and 3l prior to engagement of upper shoes 55 and 53 with their related cam surfaces 3| and t2, floating plate 95 is provided to support the weight of the shoe assembly and thereby prevent expansion of the lower shoes prior to the time that the upper shoes will expand, it being important that outward expansion of the shoes occur at substantially the same time. Continuing downward motion of ram i9 subjects the top and bottom ends of cylinder t0 to a swaginfT operation so that the cylinder at its outer ends is formed with walls having gradually reduced diameters, such swaging operation continuing until the bottom and top cylinder ends engage with shoulders Idil and |05, respectively, of both swaging rings.

As the outer ends of cylinder 5t engage with shoulders EM and |96, the outer and pressing faces of expander shoes 56 and 51 and center shoes 5S and 59 will assume a position, relative to the internal walls of cylinder 60, as shown in Fig. At the same time there will be some relative motion between punch holder El) and expander assembly 38 until bolts d are driven within their bores 42 to a position where flange 2i) of punch member 28 engages the upper end of retainer ring 39. Thereafter', the punch member is moved downwardly towards punch member 33, cam surface 3| engaging with cam surface $3 of expander shoes 5t to move the latter downwardly and outwardly against a wall of cylinder t9, and simultaneously therewith cam surface 32 coopcrates with cam surfaces 67 ci center shoes 5s to drive the latter outwardly against the action of garter spring tt. At the same time, cam surface Sl cooperates with cam surface 5S of center shoes E9 to drive the latter outwardly against the action of garter spring Sii and cam surface 35 cooperates with cam surface of lower expander shoes 5l to drive the latter upwardly and outwardly. As outward movement of the various expander shoes takes place, swaging ring 2| continues its downward motion so that as expander shoes d5 and 5l' have been driven outwardly their maximum amount (as illustrated in 3) the upper portion of a rib or runner itl formed on the cylinder by the expander shoes will be urged by expander shoes 5S into engagement with internal recess 94 of swag-ing ring 2| and a lower portion 5 of a rib or runner IS formed on the cylinder will be urged by expander shoes l into engagement with internal recess 93 of swaging ring 25. In addition to swaging the ends of cylinder G, rings 2| and 25 also help to sharpen the corners of the ribs or runners, a wall of the cylinder intermediate the runners being pressed outwardly as shown in Fig. 3, by center shoes 58 and 5S.

As the cylinder walls ultimately formed into runners itl and Hi8, are pressed outwardly, the cylinder is compressed inwardly lengthwise so that the nnal length of the cylinder is substantially less than its original length and as a result of such compression metal is caused to dow in the cylinder walls at the inclined surfaces Sil and 90 and 8l and 92 of expander shoes 56 and 5l so that desired sharp corners on the runners are obtained, the walls of the runners having substantially the same thickness as the remaining walls of the cylinder. By providing the upper expander shoes with downward and outward motion and the lower expander shoes with upward and outward motion, at the same time as pressure is applied by rings 25 and 2| coming together forcibly stretching of the metal of the cylinder walls is prevented which would otherwise occur if the shoes were expanded outwardly only and the squeeze were not coincidentally applied. Center shoes 53 and 5, on the other hand, provide a straight wall between the runners, such wall in the absence of the center shoes, otherwise assuming an undesirable curved form.

Subsequent to completion of the pressing operation whereby runners ||ll and |63 are formed on cylinder St, piston l5 is actuated to retract rain lil and withdraw swaging ring 2| and punch member 28 from cylinder S6, expander shoe assembly 33 remaining in substantially the position of Fig. 3 until the enlarged heads i3 of bolts @il engage with the inner faces of counterbores l2 to lift the expander shoe assembly. As cam surfaces 3| and 32 of punch member 2S move upwardly relative to expander shoes 56 and center shoes 58, garter spring 63 contracts to retract shoes EES whereupon expander shoes 5E are likewise retracted by way of springs '1| and studs i3. During the same interval, expander shoes 5l and center shoes t move upwardly relative to cam surfaces 35 and 3l so that garter spring @d contracts to retract center shoes 59 whereupon the latter, by way of springs 'i8 and pins Eil, retract expander shoes 5l. As the expander shoe assembly 3S clears cylinder Eil, the latter may be removed and a plain straight walled cylinder is again inserted within swaging ring 25 and the rib or runner forming and pressing operation is repeated.

While expander shoe assembly 38 has been shown as supported by the punch holder for movement therewith through the agency of the shoulder bolts it is to be understood that the expander shoe assembly may be supported by the die shoe 21| in which event the assembly wouldbe arranged. within the swaging ring 25 and secured by suitable means such as bolts, for example, to floating pad or plate 95.

Cylinder 6c with the runners lill' and Hi8 formed thereon is removed from the press and thereafter mounted on a novel rolling machine whereby the outer ends of the runners are rolled and compressed inwardly to provide a greater amount of metal at the outer ends of the runners from that present in the walls of the cylinder. vThe rolling machine, as more clearly shown in Fig. 7, comprises a table or platform |09 supported on a bed plate H0 by way of spaced supporting members ill and ||2. Table lill) is centrally recessed to receive and support therein a hollow bearing housing IIS whose bottom end plate lll is fastened to one end of a hollow tubular shaft H5, the other end of the latter being connected to top plate H6 of a gear housing i il supporting bearings itil therein, which journal the lower end of a hollow spindle i9, the upper end of the spindle being journaled within bearings |2|J supported within housing H3.

The bottom end of spindle HS is jcurnaled within a bearing |2| carried by the gear housing and has a reduced threaded portion engaged by a lock nut |22 maintaining a worm wheel or gear |23 thereon, the latter being fastened to the reduced end of the spindle by way of splines it. Worm wheel or gear |23 is in mesh with a worm |23a (Fig. 5) carried by a shaft |25 suppor ig a pulley |26 thereon, the latter being driven through a belt drive by a motor (not shown) in a conventional manner. Operation of the motor will therefore result in rotation of spindle H9 for a purpose to presently appear.

Spindle H9 is generally conical in shape and at its top end has an extending flange or plate |21 formed integrally therewith, the underside of the plate bearing within a shouldered recess formed at the top of housing |13. Secured to plate l2? for rotation with spindle ll@ by way of bolts |23 is a chuck |29 provided with a central opening i3d and having a series of radial recesses |3| and |32 formed therein. Eecesses |3| slidably receive therein a series of dially expanding jaws |253 having their inner ei fastened to plungers i3d whose free ends carry inclined or cam surfaces |35 for cooperation w` h a cam member |35 having an inclined surta@ (3l. Recesses |32, on the other hand, slidably receive ther in a series of radially expanding jaws |38 having their inner ends fastened to plungers |39 whose free or inner ends carry inclined or cam surfaces ilill for cooperation with a cam member lill having an inclined surface |62, earn member |13! being spaced from cam member |36 and both members being secured to a draw bar or rod M3 by way of keys lai-i and it, respectively. Draw bar or rod it@ is telescopically mounted within spindle H9 for a purpose to presently appear.

The outer ends of expanding jaws |33 are provided with upper and lower curved surfaces for engaging the inner side walls of rib or runner lill of cylinder et, such surfaces terminating at their inner ends in grooves uit which denne receptive chambers for a return or garter spring lill which is annular in form and which urges jaws |33 in an inward direction when cam member |36 has been raised upwardly relative to inclined surfaces |35 of plungers i3d. ln a generally similar manner, the outer ends of expanding jaws |38 are provided with upper and lower curved surfaces for engaging the inner side walls of ribs or runners |83 of cylinder Sil, the latter surfaces terminating at their inner ends in grooves |48 which define receptive chambers having a return or garter spring it which is annular in form and which urges jaws 38 in an inward or retracted position when cam member |48 has been raised upwardly relative to inclined surfaces It@ of plungers |39.

The upper portion of chuck |29! has a series of spaced radial recesses I formed therein slid- `ably receiving plungers |5| which carry retainer jaws |52 at their outer ends for engaging with the top end of cylinder 60 and thereby maintaining the cylinder on the chuck, the bottom of the cylinder being maintained in engagement with a supporting shoulder |58 of a ring |54 which is fastened by way of screws |55 to the side wall of the chuck. Plungers at their inner ends are formed with inclined surfaces |58 for cooperation with cam surfaces |91 of a cam member |59 secured by way of a key |59 to the top of draw bar or rod |49, Retainer jaws |52 at their outer ends are provided with grooves |69 which receive a return or garter spring |55, the latter urging the retainer jaws inwardly to disengage from the top of cylinder tt when cam |59 has been moved upwardly. rlhe opening at the top of chuck 29 may be closed by a suitable dust cover |62, the latter being large enough to accommodate the required upward motion of draw bar |43 therein.

The bottom end of draw bar |43 supports a bearing housing |63 thereon having a circumferential groove |94 formed therein with which cooperates a pin |65 carried by a yoke member 66 supported at one end of a lever |61, the lever being pivotally mounted at a substantially central portion thereof on t e spaced arms of a bracket |68 by way of a pin |89. The opposite end of lever iti is connected by way of a pin |13 with a piston rod carrying a piston thereon (not shown) which is reciprocally movable within a cylinder |12. The cylinder, in turn, carries spaced arms |13 and |14 thereon which pivotally mount the cylinder by way of a pin on a bracket IE5 fastened by way of bolts |11 to side member H2.

At the same time that cylinder 60 is inserted on chuck |29, draw bar |43 will have been moved upwardly by piston rod |1| so that cam members |39, |57 and |59 will have been moved upwardly relative to plungers |34, |49 and I5| so that garter springs |41, I 49 and |6| will have drawn the expanding and retainer jaws inwardly so that the cylinder will clear the latter as the bottom of the cylinder is brought to rest on shoulder |53 of ring |54. In this assembled condition the grooves |45 of jaws |33 and grooves |48 of jaws |38 are substantially aligned with the apices of runners |91 and |88, respectively.

As draw bar |43 is actuated downwardly, cam members |39 and 4| move downwardly to expand jaws |33 and |38 radially and outwardly to engage with the inner side wall of the runners and thus hold the cylinder thereon. At the same time cam 58 moves downwardly to move retainer jaws |52 outwardly and over the top of the cylinder to retain the latter on the chuck. The chuck, in turn, is rotated by spindle I9, in a manner to presently appear, to rotate the cylinder 60 therewith.

The outer side walls and the apex of runner |37 of cylinder 6|) are adapted for engagement by a roller |18 having an upper curved wall |19 and a lower curved wall |88, the curvature of the former wall being greater than the curvature of the latter wall, wall |19 engaging with the top side wall of runner |01 and wall |85 engaging with the bottom side wall of the runner. In the same manner the outer side Walls and the apex of a runner |89 of the cylinder are adapted for engagement by a roller |8| having an upper curved wall |82 and a lower curved wall |83, the curvature of the former being less than the curvature of the latter wall, wall |82 engaging with the top side wall of runner |68 and wall |83 engaging with the bottom side wall of the runner.

Roller |18 is mounted by way of a stub shaft |84 within a bracket |85 (see Fig. 5) the bracket being pivotally connected by way of a pin 89 and an arm |81 to one end of a supporting member |83. When adjustment of roller |19 on bracket |95 is required, the lower portion of the bracket may have a bore |89 (Fig. 6) formed therein for the reception of a hollow pin |99 which is yieldably urged by way of a spring I9! into engagement with a wall of supporting member |88. A second and aligned bore is threaded for adjustably receiving therein a threaded stub shaft |92, the latter carrying a pin |93 about which one end of spring I9| is sleeved to abut with an outer face of shaft |92. Rotation of shaft |92 therefore will actuate pin |90 to position bracket |85 relative to member |88 as desired. To dei-lne a limit for outward motion of pin |99 within bore |89, the pin may be provided with an enlarged head |94.

Roller |13 is in engagement with a larger roller at a point diametrically opposite to the point of engagement with runner |91 and in a similar manner, roller 58| is in engagement with a larger roller |95. inasmuch as the mounting and operation of both rollers |95 and |95 is the same, the operation of only one of the rollers will be considered in detail herein.

Roller |95 is mounted for rotation within a bearing housing |91 by way of a stub shaft |98, the housing being fastened to and movable with a block |99 which is slidable on a stationary member 299 secured to supporting member |38, the latter, in turn, having an enlarged ange through which pass bolts 20| for securing the stationary member to member |88. A portion of movable block |99 is provided with a recess 282 with which cooperates the rounded end of one arm of a bellcrank lever 293, the lever being pivotally mounted by way of a transverse pin 284 carried within a recessed portion 205 of stationary member 299. The opposite arm of bellcrank 293 is connected by way of a pivot pin 206 journaled in a yoke 291 which is fastened by way of bolt 289 to a piston rod 209 for up and down movement fby the latter. Piston rod 299 is adapted for operation by a piston (not shown) movable within a cylinder 2||l, the base of the cylinder being pivotally mounted by way of a pin 2| and a block 2|2 on a supporting standard or bracket 2|3 fastened by way of bolts 2 i4 to wall I |2. Cylinder 2|0 is enclosed within a protective housing 2|5 which passes under and to the side of movable block |99 (Fig. 7), the movable block supporting thereon by way of screws 2|6, a protective cover 2 1 so that block |99 may move relative to housing 2 l5 and still maintain the latter closed Iby means of cover 2 I 1. The upper portion of cylinder 2li) supports a clock or timer mechanism 2|8 thereon by way of a bracket 2|9.

When cylinder 6|) is inserted on the chuck |29, draw bar |43 is in an upward position (indicated by broken line 229 of Fig. '1) so that expanding jaws |33 and |38 as well as retainer jaws |52 have been retracted to their inward position. As cylinder Sil has been lowered on the chuck sumciently to rest the bottom thereof on shoulder |53 of ring |54, draw bar |43 is moved downwardly by piston rod |II which is moved upwardly within cylinder |12, the latter being pivotally mounted by pin |15 to compensate for the arcuate path of travel of the end of lever |91 connected to the piston rod. Downward motion of the draw bar causes downward movement of cam member |58 whose surface |52' cooperates with surface |56 of plungers |9| to extend the retainer jaws 52 against the action of spring it over the top end of the cylinder to retain the latter against shoulder |53. ln addition, cam members 35 and Uil move downwardly so that their inclined surfaces lSl and M2 cooperate with inclined surfaces E35 and lllll of pl-ungers i3d and to extend jaws 33 and 38 against the action or" springs lill and 149 into engagement with the inner side walls of runners lill and m8 as shown in 7. Cylinder 60 is thus locked with chuck iil for rotation thereby.

The motor (not shown) for driving pulley l2 and shaft 25 is thereupon energized to operate worm gear 623 and spindle H9. The spindle being connected to chuck i2@ rotates the latter whereupon cylinder Si) is rotated by the chuck through expanding and retainer jaws lt, Hi8 itt. The side walls ll and i oi roller lli being in engagement with the lower and upper side walls of runner lill and side walls i82 and 83 of roller i8! being in engagement with the top and bottom walls o runner IBS, rolling of both rollers I'lB and iti occurs, it being noted that at this point rollers il and I8! are both slightly spaced from the apices of their related runners. As cylinder H2 operates to actuate draw bar ille and the motor is energized to spin the spindle and the cylinder (iii, cylinder 2l@ operates to move piston rod 2l9 upwardly whereupon bellcrank 2% is pivoted to move block ISS and roller i525 therewith to the left to engage roller i'lS and thereby move the latter against cylinder El@ until roller lle engages with the apex of runner lill. Continued inward movement of the roller by the bellcrank compresses the apex of the runner inwardly to flatten the apex of the runner so that as a result of such compression, the inner walls of the runners being supported by jaws 33, the thickness of the runner at the apex thereof will be increased to provide the runner with a greater amount of metal thereat than that present at the side walls of cylinder Eil. As an example, with the above described rolling machine the thickness of the apices of the runners so formed on a cylinder having a wall thickness of .060 inch will increase to between .084 to .090 inch which represents an increase over the original thickness of forty (40) to fty (50) per cent.

in operation, a button (not shown) is depressed to actuate the piston of cylinder H2 so that draw bar M3 is pulled downwardly to actuate cams Ifi, lill and |153 to expand jaws 533, Uit and 52 outwardly. As draw bar 43 moves downwardly it closes an electrical switch which not only energizes the electrical motor for rotating chuck E29 and cylinder 6B therewith but also operates two reversing air valves (not shown) to operate the pistons of cylinder El@ and the corresponding cylinder of roller 96. Air is thus caused to communicate with the lower side of the pistons While oil or other hydraulic fluid communicates with the upper side of the pistons, a bleed being provided for each cylinder so that the fluid escapes at a metered rate whereby both piston rods travel upwardly at a uniform rate to move rollers |18, itil and 18E, teli inwardly at a uniform rate. Electrical clock or timer BIS controls the time of the rolling operation and the lower end of an adjustable bolt 22S defines a limit stop for movement of piston rod 2li@ and a similar timer and limit stop control the piston rod of roller |96. Shortly after the piston rods engage with the limit stops indicating the limit of inward roller motion, mechanism ZIB acts to reverse the air valves whereupon the rollers are retracted from cylinder piston rod lli of cylinder H2 is reversed to move the draw bar upwardly whereby springs lill, les and itil retract jaws 33, it and le?. inwardly and the motor driving the chuck is deenergized. The cylinder is removed from the rolling machine and replaced by another similar cylinder whose runners, formed on the press, are to be rolled and compressed inwardly.

As will be apparent from Fig. 5, rollers and E, while arranged at diametrically opposite points relative to chuck lf to engage runner at opposite sides of the cylinder so arranged that one of the rollers is mounted at one side of the center of the chuck while the other roller is mounted at an opposite side of the center of the chuck. By reason of this latter mounting the rollers are prevented from dislodgment from their desired position by the spinning cylinder with which they engage.

There has thus been provided a novel apparatus for forming ribs or runners on a metal cylinder comprising a press which not only forms the runners on the cylinder but also swages the ends of the cylinder together with a rolling r f chine for compressing the apices ci the r inwardly to provide a thickness oi mate-.. the apices of the runners which is than the thickness oi the metal in the walls of the cylinder.

Although but a single embodiment oi the present invention has been illustrated and described in detail, it will be expressly understood that the invention is not limited therto. Various changes may be made in the design and arrangement of the parts without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as will now understood by those skilled in the art.

What is claimed is:

l. A press or forming outwardly projecting circumferential runners on a cylinder comprising a bed plate, a hollow swaging ring fas' :i to said bed plate, a movable punch holder, for moving said punch holder to and from s bed plate, a second hollow swaging ring disposed opposite said nrst swaging ring and movable relative thereto with said holder, said swaging ril if having tapered internal surfaces adapted to engage and correspondingly taper the end portions oi a hollow cylindrical form, a shoulder' fo d within each of said rings, expansible means carried by said holder adapted for pressing 'el f' ci the cylinder outwardly, said first swaging r being adapted for supporting one end oi' said cylinder therein the opposite end oi which is engaged by said second swaging ring during mction by the latter relative to said swaging ring to swage the ends of the cylinder, cylinder engaging with the shoulders of sai; r upon completion or said swaging oper tion and in response to continued movement of y id ond swaging ring said cylinder is cmnpreI lengthwise by said second ring, said means being operated to press the .s cylinder outwardly as the cylinder cor lengthwise, and means for moving hoi" 2. A barrel-forming apparatus comprising a bedplate, a ram movable to and from said bedplate, a pair of spaced swaging rings carried by said bedplate and said ram respectively disposed in opposed coaxial relation and adapted to engage opposite ends of a hollow cylindrical form, said rings having oppositely tapered internal surfaces and movement of the ram toward the bedmovement of the swaging rings toward each other coactive with said pressure shoes to force the same radially against the form simultaneously with movement of the form into said rings.

9. A press comprising a bedplate, a swaging ring secured to said bedplate, a movable punch holder above said bedplate, means for moving said punch holder to and from said bedplate, a second swaging ring disposed opposite said first swaging ring carried by and movable with said holder, said swaging rings having tapered internal surfaces adapted to engage and correspondingly taper the end portions of a hollow cylindrical form, a hollow expander assembly carried by and mounted for limited movement relative to said holder internally of said second ring and having radially movable expander shoes, cam means mounted on said bedplate and on said punch holder internally of said shoe assembly coactive with said expander shoes to expand the same radially outwardly against said form, yieldable means for holding said expander shoes normally retracted, and means for moving the retracted expander shoes against said cam means to project the latter against said form.

10. A press comprising a bedplate, a svvaging ring secured to said bedplate, a movable punch holder, means for moving said punch holder to and from said bedplate, a second swaging ring on said holder opposite said first swaging ring, said swaging rings having tapered internal surfaces adapted to engage and correspondingly taper the end portions of a hollow cylindrical form, means comprising an annular series of spaced, radially movable expander shoes, means connecting said shoes to said holder for limited movement relative to said holder, means for yieldably maintaining said shoes in a retracted position, said shoes being movable in an inclined plane and being provided with cam surfaces at their inner ends, and cam means carried by said holder centrally of said shoes and engageable thereby upon movement thereof relative to said holder, said cam means being operative upon such engagement to force said shoes to an extended position` 11. A press comprising a bedplate, a swaging ring secured to said bedplate and provided with a tapered, internal swaging surface, a movable punch holder, means for moving said punch holder to and from saidv bedplate, a second swaging ring on said holder opposite said first swaging ring and similarly provided with a tapered interna-l swaging surface, said swaging rings adapted to receive opposite end portions of a hollow cylindrical form and movable against said end portions to taper the same in accordance with the internal tapered surfaces of the rings, means comprising a first annular series of spaced, radially movable shoes, said shoes being provided with inclined surfaces and having cam surfaces at their inner ends, means comprising a second annular series of spaced, radially movable shoes, said lastmentioned shoes being movable on the inclined surfaces of said first-named shoes and having cam surfaces at their inner ends, means yieldably maintaining all of said shoes in a retracted position, means connecting said first and said second series of shoes to said holder and adapting all of said shoes for movement relative to said holder, and cam means carried by said holder centrally of said shoes and engageable by the shoes upon movement thereof relative to said punch holder, said cam means being operative by reason of such engagement to move all of said shoes simultaneously to an extended position.

12. A press for forming an outwardly extending runner on a metal cylinder comprising a bedplate, a swagng ring secured to said bedplate and adapted to receive one end of the cylinder therein, a movable punch holder, a second swaging ring on said holder opposite said first swaging ring adapted to receive the opposite end of the cylinder, means for moving the punch holder toward the bedplate to force the swaging rings over the end portions of the cylinder so as to conform the engaged portions of the cylinder to the internal form of the swaging rings, an expander shoe assembly carried by and movable for a limited distance relative to the holder disposed centrally of said swaging rings and movable into the cylinder by said holder, cam means carried by the bedplate and punch holder respectively coactive with the expander shoe assembly to expand said shoe assembly against an internal wall of the cylinder to form an outwardly extending runner thereon.

13. A press comprising a bedplate, a hollow swaging ring secured to said bedplate, a movable punch holder, means for moving said punch holder to and from said bedplate, a second swaging ring carried by said holder and disposed opposite said first swaging ring, said swaging rings having tapered internal surfaces adapted to engage and correspondingly taper the end portions of a hollow cylindrical form, means comp'lsing an expander shoe assembly fastened to said holder for movement thereby and adapted for limited .motion relative thereto, yieldable supporting means maintained within said iii-st swag-- ing ring for engaging and supporting said assembly when the latter has been moved by said holder, said assembly comprising a first annular series of spaced radially movable shoes, a second annular series of spaced radially movable shoes eoncentrically arranged with said first shoes, the inner walls of both series of shoes being level and the opposite walls thereof being inclined, a third annular series of spaced, radially movable shoes movable on the inclined Walls of said first series of shoes, a fourth annular series of spaced radially movable shoes movable on the inclined Walls of said second series of shoes, yieldable means retracting all of said shoes inwardly, cam members carried by the bedplate and punch holder centrally of said shoes having cam surfaces engageable by the shoes when the punch holder is moved toward the bedplate and operative by such engagement to move the shoes radially outwardly.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,011,193 Hackney Dec. 12, 1911 1,039,886 Bauroth Oct. 1, 1912 1,058,669 Goddard Apr. 8, 1913 1,285,982 Goddard Nov. 26, 1918 1,698,999 Hothersall Jan. 15, 1929 2,082,199 Dake June 1, 1937 2,089,476 Grotnes Aug. 10, 1937 2,142,017 Riemenschneider et al. Dec. 27, 1938 2,153,863 Fall Apr. 1l, 1939 2,153,312 Terrell May 16, 193e 2,211,009 Grotnes Aug. 13, 1940 2,307,191 Bell Jan. 5, 1943 2,384,324 Martin Sept. 4, 1945 2,398,373 Grotnes Apr. 16, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 149,442 Great Britain Aug. 16, 1920 plate serving to force said surfaces over the engaged end portions of the form to progressively reduce the circumference of said engaged portions toward the'ends thereof, a hollow expander shoe assembly also carried by and movable for a limited distance relative to the ram disposed centrally of said swaging rings and movable by the ram into the form when the latter is engaged with the rings, said assembly includingtwo annular series of radially adjustable shoes adapted for engagement with the form and located to engage the form substantially eduidistantiy on opposite sides of the middle thereof, and cam means carried by the bedplate and ram respectivelyengageable with respective series of shoes when the ram is actuated to force the rings over the ends of the form and operative by such en gagement to force the shoes radially outwardly against the form whereby axially compressible and radially expansive forces are exerted simultaneously on the form to swage the ends thereof and to provide radially outwardly projecting hollow runners extending circumferentially entirely around the form.

3. ./-i barrel-forming apparatus comprising a bedplete, a ram movable to and from said bedplate, a of spaced swaging rings carried by said bedplate and said ram respectively disposed in opposed coaxial relation and adapted to engage opposite ends oi a hollow cylindrical form, said rings having oppositely tapered internal surfaces movement of the ram toward the bedplate serving to force said surfaces over the engaged end portions of the form to progressively reduce the circumference of said engaged portions toward the ends thereof, a hollow expander shoe assembly disposed centrally of said swaging rings, means fastening said expander shoe assembly to said ram permitting limited movement of the assembly relative to the ram, said expander shoe assembly being movable by the ram into the form when the latter is engaged with the rings, said assembly including expansible means engageable with the form to expand the engaged portion of the form, and means rendered operative by movement of the ram toward the bedplate and by relative movement between the expander shoe assembly and the ram to force the expansible means against the form.

s. A. barrel-forming apparatus comprising a bedplate, a ram movable to and from said bedplate` a pair of spaced swaging rings carried 'oy said bedplate and said ram respectively disposed in opposed coaxial relation and adapted to engage opposite ends of a hollow cylindrical form, said rings having oppositely tapered internal surfaces and movement of the ram toward the bedplate serving to force said surfaces over the engaged end portions of the form to progressively reduce the circumference of said engaged portions toward the ends thereof, a hollow expander shoe assembly disposed centrally of said swag-ing rings, means fastening said expander shoe assembiy' to ram permitting limited movement of the `assembly relative to the ram, said expander shoe assembly being movable by the ram into the form when the latter is engaged with the rings, said assembly including two annular series of radially slidable shoes positioned engageable with the form at axially spaced points therealong and another annular series of radially expansible shoes positioned to engage the form intermediate said spaced points, and .actuator means for said shoes rendered operative by movement of the ram and Y 14 by movement of the shoe assembly relative to the ram to press the shoes simultaneously outwardly against the form.

5. A barrel-forming apparatus including a pair of spaced pressure members arranged in opposed relation and adapted to engage opposite ends of a hollow cylindrical form, means for moving least one of said pressure members in the direction of the other pressure member to exert endwise pressure against said form, an expander shoe assembly, means mounting said expander Shoe assembly on one of said pressure members for limited movement relative thereto, said sembly being so located on the pressure member as to be insertible into said form, said assembly including an annular series of pressure shoes movable generally radially into engagement with form intermediate the ends thereof, cam means engageable with said pressure shoes for forcing the same simultaneously against said form, and means co-ordinating movement of said pressure members and said cam means for simulh taneous operation so that endwise and raflial= pressures are exerted simultaneously against said form to collapse the material thereof engaged by said shoes and to form a continuous annular rib or runner in the form.

6. A barreldorming apparatus including a pair of spaced pressure members arranged in opposed relation and adapted to engage opposite ends of a hollow cylindrical form, means for moving least one of said pressure members in the direction of the other pressure member to exert endwise pressure against said form, a hollow expander shoe assembly carried by and movable with one of said pressure members positioned to enter the form when the pressure members are actuated to engage the ends of the form, means fastening said expander shoe assembly to said one pressure member providing for limited reltive movement therebetween, and means oar by said pressure members for actuating said expander shoe assembly when endwise pressure exerted against said form.

7. A barrel-forming apparatus comprising spaced, swaging rings having internal cavities and disposed in opposed coaxial relation adapted to receive opposite end portions of a hollow c flindrioal form and to conform the engaged portions of the form to the shape of said rir means for moving one of said swaging rings toward the other so as to force the ends of the form into the rings, a hollow expander shoe assembly coactive with said movable swaging ring and positioned to enter the form when the swaging ring is engaged therewith, and cam members positioned to be within said. form and coactive with said expander shoe assembly, said cam members being rendered operable by movement of the swaging rings toward each other to actuate said hollow expander' shoe assembly against said form and to project the latter into the internal cavities of said swaging rings so as to provide radially outwardly extending annular runner on the form.

8. A barrelwforming apparatus comprising spaced swaging rings disposed in opposed coaxial relation adapted to receive opposite end portions of a hollow cylindrical form and to conform the engaged portions of the form to the shape of rings, means for moving one of said swagJ rings toward the other so as to force the ends 'the form into the rings, an annular series of pressure shoes positioned to move generally radially against the form, and means actuated by 

